Ko te tikanga mō te tukatuka i te waro whakahohe he whakapūngao waro, ā, muri iho ka whakahohehia ngā rauemi waro mai i te pūtake huawhenua. Ko te whakapūngao waro he maimoatanga wera i te 400-800°C e huri ana i ngā rauemi mata ki te waro mā te whakaiti i te ihirangi o ngā mea pupuhi me te whakanui ake i te ihirangi waro o te rauemi. Ka whakanui ake tēnei i te kaha o ngā rauemi, ā, ka hangaia he hanganga pūngao tuatahi e tika ana mēnā ka whakahohehia te waro. Mā te whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga o te whakapūngao waro ka pā nui ki te hua whakamutunga. Ka whakanui ake te pāmahana whakapūngao waro i te tauhohenga, engari i te wā kotahi ka whakaitihia te rahinga o ngā pūngao e wātea ana. Ko te hekenga o te rahinga o ngā pūngao nā te pikinga o te whakapūngao o te rauemi i ngā pāmahana teitei ake o te whakapūngao waro, ka hua ake he pikinga o te kaha ā-ringa. Nō reira, he mea nui kia whiriwhiria te pāmahana tukanga tika i runga i te hua e hiahiatia ana o te whakapūngao waro.
Ka marara atu ēnei waikura i te waro, ka hua ake he hauhautanga wāhanga e whakatuwhera ana i ngā pūwero i kati i mua, ā, ka whakawhanake ake i te hanganga pūwero o roto o ngā waro. I roto i te whakahohenga matū, ka tauhohehia te waro i ngā pāmahana teitei me te kaihoko whakamaroke e whakakore ana i te nuinga o te hauwai me te hāora mai i te hanganga waro. He maha ngā wā ka whakakotahi te whakahohenga matū i te taahiraa whakapūwero me te whakahohenga, engari ka taea tonu te puta motuhake i runga i te tukanga. Kua kitea he nui ake ngā horahanga mata i te 3,000 m2/g i te whakamahinga o te KOH hei kaihoko whakahohe matū.
Waro Whakahohe mai i ngā Rauemi Mata Rerekē.
Haunga te mea he mea mimiti e whakamahia ana mō ngā kaupapa maha, ka taea te whakaputa i te waro whakahohe mai i te maha o ngā rauemi mata rerekē, ka waiho hei hua tino maha-whakamahinga ka taea te whakaputa i roto i ngā momo wāhi rerekē i runga i te rauemi mata e wātea ana. Ko ētahi o ēnei rauemi ko ngā anga o ngā tipu, ngā kōhatu o ngā hua, ngā rauemi rakau, te uku, ngā waro waro, ngā pango waro, ngā putunga para mai i te paru, me ngā para polymer. Ko ngā momo waro rerekē, kua noho kē i roto i te āhua waro-5 me te hanganga pūwero kua whanakehia, ka taea te tukatuka anō hei hanga waro whakahohe. Ahakoa ka taea te whakaputa waro whakahohe mai i te nuinga o ngā rauemi mata, he mea tino whai hua te utu me te aro ki te taiao ki te whakaputa waro whakahohe mai i ngā rauemi para. Kua whakaatuhia he nui ngā pūwero moroiti o ngā waro whakahohe i hangaia mai i ngā anga kokonati, koia te rauemi mata e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā tono e hiahiatia ana te kaha mimiti teitei. Kei roto hoki i te puehu rakau me ētahi atu rauemi para rakau he hanganga moroiti kua tino whanakehia e pai ana mō te mimiti mai i te hau. Mā te whakaputa waro whakahohe mai i ngā kōhatu oriwa, paramu, āperekoti, me te pītiti ka puta he momo kaihoroi tino ōrite, he pakeke rawa, he ātete ki te pakū, he nui hoki te rahinga o ngā pore iti. Ka taea te whakahohe i te para PVC mēnā ka tangohia te HCl i mua, ā, ka puta he waro whakahohe he pai hei kaihoroi mō te kikorangi methylene. Kua hangaia hoki ngā waro whakahohe mai i ngā para potae. Hei wehewehe i waenga i te whānuitanga o ngā matū mua, me arotake ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana i muri i te whakahohenga. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi matū mua, he mea nui ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei: te horahanga mata motuhake o ngā pore, te rahinga pore me te tohatoha o te rahinga pore, te hanganga me te rahi o ngā granules, me te hanganga/āhua matū o te mata waro.
He mea tino nui te whiriwhiri i te matūmua tika mō te tono tika nā te mea ka taea te whakahaere i te hanganga o ngā pūwero waro mā te rerekētanga o ngā rauemi matūmua. He rerekē te nui o ngā pūwero nui (> 50 nm,) o ngā matūmua rerekē, ā, ka whakatau i tō rātou tauhohenga. Kāore ēnei pūwero nui e whai hua mō te mimiti, engari nā tō rātou noho mai ka nui ake ngā hongere mō te hanga i ngā pūwero iti i te wā whakahohenga. Hei tāpiri, ka whakaratohia e ngā pūwero nui he ara maha atu mō ngā ngota mimiti kia tae atu ki ngā pūwero iti i te wā mimiti.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-01-2022